KEY FACTS:
- Paracetamol is a medication utilised for mild to moderate pain relief.
- It is also effective in reducing fever.
- Exceeding the recommended dosage of panadol can be hazardous.
- An overdose of panadol may harm the liver and lead to fatality.
- When considering its uses, adhere to the instructions provided on the packaging.
WARNING!
Excessive intake of acetaminophen can lead to liver damage, which may be severe enough to necessitate a liver transplant or result in fatality. Accidental overconsumption of acetaminophen may occur if the instructions on the prescription or package label are not closely adhered to, or if multiple acetaminophen-containing products are consumed simultaneously. Moreover, we are here to help you!
Paracetamol Overview
Paracetamol is a medication for mild to moderate pain that is available for purchase without a prescription at pharmacies, supermarkets, and other retail outlets.
It is also used to address fever and stronger pain when combined with other pain relievers like codeine.
While Panadol alleviates pain symptoms, it does not address the underlying cause of the pain.
Common Panadol tablet uses include:
- Backache
- Headache
- Migraine
- Muscle strains
- Periods pain
- Toothaches
- General aches and pains associated with colds and flu.
Mechanism of Action of Paracetamol
Paracetamol works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation. By blocking their production, it effectively reduces pain and lowers fever. Unlike some painkillers, it doesn’t have anti-inflammatory properties, which makes it gentler on the stomach.
It starts to alleviate pain and reduce a high temperature approximately 30 minutes after ingestion. Typically, its effects persist for around 4 to 6 hours.
Dosage Forms of Paracetamol Available:
There are several types of paracetamol available:
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Paracetamol Pills and Tablets:
Paracetamol pills and tablets are the most common forms, used for general pain relief and fever reduction. They come in various strengths, typically ranging from 250mg to 1000mg per tablet. Pills and tablets are generally easy to swallow and convenient to carry with you.
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Capsules:
Similar to paracetamol pills and tablets, capsules offer another convenient option for adults who can swallow them easily. They come in similar strengths and offer a faster disintegration rate compared to some tablets.
-
Suppositories:
Paracetamol suppositories are a good alternative for people who are unable to swallow pills or tablets, such as young children, unconscious patients, or those experiencing nausea or vomiting.
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Soluble Powders:
These are single-dose packets containing paracetamol powder that need to be dissolved in water before consumption. This form is particularly useful for children, as the flavoured solution can be more palatable than pills or tablets.
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Liquids:
These liquids are a pre-dissolved option, available in various flavours and strengths. They are ideal for young children, elderly individuals, or those with swallowing difficulties.
Be sure to carefully measure the recommended dose using the provided measuring device (e.g., dosing syringe) to ensure accurate intake.
REMEMBER! Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking it, especially if you have any underlying medical conditions or are taking other medications.
Paracetamol Combinations Used:
Panadol Extra – Panadol Extra Uses:
Panadol Extra variant combines paracetamol with caffeine, enhancing pain relief, especially for tension headaches and migraines.
Extra Panadol tablet uses:
It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including:
- Headaches (particularly tension headaches)
- Migraines
- Muscle aches
- Backaches
- Period pain
- Toothaches
- Pain associated with colds and flu is also one of the Panadol tablet uses.
Consult a Medical Professional or a Pharmacist for the exact dosage of Panadol tablets to take. This is the safest and most reliable way to determine the appropriate dosage of Panadol tablets for your individual needs.
Panadol Side Effects:
Acetaminophen in Panadol may lead to certain unwanted effects. While not all side effects may occur, if they do, seeking medical attention is advisable.
Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following Panadol side effects:
- Rare Bloody or black, tarry stools
- Bloody or cloudy urine
- Fever with or without chills (not present before treatment and unrelated to the underlying condition)
- Severe or sharp pain in the lower back and/or side
- Pinpoint red spots on the skin
- Skin rash, hives, or itching
Calpol Tablets – Calpol Tablet Uses:
Typically used for children, these come in lower dosages and are often flavoured for easier consumption and safe calpol. Calpol tablet uses are primarily to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, toothaches, muscle aches, and period pain. Reduction in fever associated with colds, flu, or other illnesses is also one of the Calpol tablet uses
Panadol for Cold and Flu:
The Panadol for Cold and Flu tablets are formulated to relieve multiple symptoms of cold and flu, including congestion and sore throat.
Brand Names for Paracetamol:
It is a widely used medication with many brand names around the world. Here are some of the most common ones:
North America:
- Tylenol
Europe:
- Panadol
- Benadryl Paracetamol (combination with an antihistamine)
- Calpol (primarily for children)
Asia:
- Actal
-
- Panadol (also available in Asia)
- Dymadon
Australia and New Zealand:
- Panadol
- Paracetamol (generic name also commonly used as a brand name)
Other Regions:
- Apacet
- Dafalgan
- Hetanol
NOTE:
This list is not exhaustive, and there are many other brand names for paracetamol available depending on your location. It’s always best to check the packaging or consult with a pharmacist to identify the active ingredient in any medication you are considering.
Recommended Dose of Paracetamol
The recommended dosage for adults or children over 12 years of age is 500 mg to 1000 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed, not exceeding 4000 mg in 24 hours.
- – no more than 1g every 4 to 6 hours
- – a total of 4g daily
Children Aged 1 month to 12 years
For children, the dosage depends on their weight and age.
Dosing for children is 15 mg per kg. Paracetamol can be given every 4 to 6 hours as required, with no more than 4 doses in 24 hours. The label on your liquid paracetamol product will have clear dosing instructions. It is crucial to follow the dosage instructions on the packaging or those given by a healthcare professional to avoid overdose.
Learn more about giving it to babies and children and paracetamol tablet uses for babies in our next blog!
Interaction of Paracetamol with Other Medications
Paracetamol is generally safe to take with most medications, but there are exceptions.
AVOID taking it if you are concurrently using other medications containing paracetamol. These could include
- paracetamol/ibuprofen combinations
- migraine treatments
- certain cough and cold products
- medications recommended by your healthcare provider
Contraindications of Paracetamol?
There are certain situations where you should avoid taking it:
- Allergic Reactions: If you have had an allergic reaction to paracetamol or any of its ingredients.
- Liver Conditions: People with severe liver disease should not take paracetamol without medical advice.
- Regular Alcohol Consumption: If you consume alcohol regularly, it’s best to limit paracetamol use due to the increased risk of liver damage.
What are the Possible Paracetamol Side Effects?
While paracetamol uses are diverse and are generally well-tolerated, some people may experience panadol side effects:
- Common Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain.
- Serious Panadol Side Effects: Severe allergic reactions, including rash, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
If you experience any severe side effects, seek medical attention immediately.
NOTE: Paracetamol is the generic name for the medication that relieves pain and fever. It’s an active ingredient with a therapeutic effect. Panadol is a brand name for a medication containing paracetamol. There are many other brand names for paracetamol around the world, such as Tylenol in the US.
What are the Consequences of Paracetamol Overdose?
Overdosing can cause serious liver damage and can be fatal. Symptoms of an overdose include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, stomach pain, and confusion. If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Paracetamol Considerations for Different Life Stages
Paracetamol is safe for use across different life stages with appropriate dosage adjustments:
- Children: Products like Calpol tablets are specifically designed for children, ensuring safe and effective pain relief.
- Pregnancy: Panadol is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider for Panadol and pregnancy.
Use of Panadol during pregnancy
Panadol during pregnancy for oral preparations (taken by mouth) is included in category B according to the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). And paracetamol for IV preparations (injectables) is included in category C according to the FDA.
- Elderly: Older adults can use paracetamol, but they should adhere to the recommended dosage to avoid potential liver issues.
More Information
For more comprehensive details on panadol and its various uses, consider consulting trusted health resources or your healthcare provider. Understanding the correct usage and potential risks can help you make informed decisions about your health and treatment options.
Additional Resources Relevant Links
For more localized information, including guidelines and recommendations, visit reputable websites such as the National Health Services (NHS) – UK and MedlinePlus (US National Library of Medicine).
The Takeaway?
Paracetamol is a versatile and widely used medication that offers effective relief from pain and fever. Whether you choose Panadol Extra for a headache or Calpol tablets for your child, understanding the correct usage and potential risks is crucial. Always follow the dosage instructions and consult with a healthcare provider when in doubt. By doing so, you can safely benefit from this essential medication.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
1- What is the main use of paracetamol?
It is primarily used for pain relief and to reduce fever. It is effective for treating headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, backaches, toothaches, colds, and fevers.
2- Can I take panadol (Brand Name) if I’m pregnant?
Yes, It is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy for pain and fever. However, it is always best to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any medication during pregnancy.
3- How quickly does panadol work?
It typically begins to work within 30 minutes to an hour after ingestion. Its effects can last for several hours, providing relief from pain and fever.
4- Can children take paracetamol?
Yes, paracetamol can be given to children in appropriate dosages. Products like Calpol tablets are specifically designed for children, ensuring safe and effective pain relief.
5- Is it safe to take panadol with alcohol?
It is generally recommended to avoid consuming alcohol while taking it, as it can increase the risk of liver damage.
6- What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of it, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up to make up for a missed dose.
7- Can I take panadol with other painkillers?
It can be taken with some other painkillers, but not with those containing paracetamol. Always check the labels and consult with a healthcare provider or pharmacist to avoid exceeding the recommended dosage.
8- What are the signs of a paracetamol overdose?
Symptoms of a panadol overdose include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, stomach pain, and confusion. In severe cases, it can lead to liver failure and be fatal. Immediate medical attention is crucial if an overdose is suspected.
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